Before this, statistics and plots were meant for professionals and academics who needed to look up specific values, but Nightingale’s method allowed to distribute her analysis to others as well. Nightingale significantly reduced the number of bars in a single plot and made sure that the writing would be horizontal so that people could more easily interpret the meaning of the graphs. Thanks to her work, policy-makers and healthcare professionals were given a better idea of what needed to be done in the public health sector, and deaths were significantly reduced in military hospitals.ģ8: nurses who accompanied her to Scutari Hospitalġ7-19-20 per thousand: the mortality of those in the Line, Artillery, and Guardsġ1 per thousand : the mortality of English civiliansĤ0%: the death rate of Army Men at the hospital when she arrivedĢ%: the death rate at the hospital after her work What were the innovations that Nightingale introduced?Ī key aspect in the data analysis and visualization work that was carried out by the “Lady with the Lamp” was the simplification of the graphs. Having gotten the attention of the British crown and government, Nightingale was able to get a team of volunteers who helped her gather more data and write reports, which were later made available to the public. Nightingale’s bar graph representing mortality of Army at home versus the English Male Population Nightingale’s coxcomb graph representing causes of death in the Army over two yearsĢ.The reality highlighted by her bar graphs and famous “coxcomb” diagram was staggering British soldiers were dying at an incredibly higher rate than the English Male population, and most of those deaths did not come from battle wounds but from the poor sanitary conditions under which hospitals were working. Cook called her, she immediately started collecting data on the state of the supplies and the causes of death. Given her solid background in mathematics and her being a “passionate statistician”, as Sir Edward T. By looking at the scene in front of her eyes, she immediately realized that soldiers were seriously endangered by the diseases spreading in the hospital. ![]() She was faced with disastrous conditions: fleas and parasites were everywhere, basic supplies such as soap and towels were missing, and the food supply chain did not meet the minimum sanitary conditions. In 1856, in response to the high mortality rate registered in the hospital set up by the British military in Istanbul, the British government sent Florence Nightingale to improve the sanitary situation. Why Florence Nightingale was called to Turkey? It is thanks to her mathematical and statistical skills that she was able to save many Englishmen from deadly infections at Scutari Hospital in Istanbul. Before the concept of data science was even a thing, the “lady with the lamp” had already foreseen the fundamental role that data analysis could play. Need help creating a coxcomb chart? Contact Visually today, and we’ll do our magic.While Florence Nightingale is known as the mother of modern nursery, less is publicly known about her avant-garde approach to the use of data to gain insights into the challenges that hospitals faced in the mid-18th century. One problem with Coxcomb charts is that subtle differences are hard to see, so they are best used when trying to demonstrate patterns rather than delivering exact numbers.īut because Coxcomb charts make for a nice image without any decorative elements, Coxcomb charts can be a good choice for presentations to viewers who don’t have much technical knowledge about the information being presented. The area of a section represents the value of the corresponding category. In a Coxcomb chart, each category is represented by a section of the disc, and each section has the same angle. Her message - that more soldiers died from infection than from wounds - could be easily seen and resulted in policy changes that helped save lives. When she presented her data in 1858, she developed a Coxcomb chart, a variation of a pie chart that represented the number of soldiers using the area of the circle segments instead of the radius. How Is a Coxcomb Chart Arranged?įlorence Nightingale was one of the first to establish the importance of sanitation in hospitals, and she collected meticulous data about the relationship of cleanliness to death tolls. Instead, she called the books that contained the charts Coxcombs, and the name stuck to the charts themselves. (Interestingly, Nightingale doesn’t seem to have ever referred to them as Coxcomb charts. ![]() The invention of the Coxcomb chart is attributed to Florence Nightingale, a nurse during the Crimean War.
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